Publications -- Environment

BA #679 – Green Jobs: Hope or Hype?

In October, the unemployment rate in the United States reached 10.2 percent. Most economists consider about 5 percent to be full employment. Not surprisingly, job growth is a hot political issue.

ST #324 – Reasonable Responses to Climate Change

Many people are concerned that an increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere - due primarily to such human activities as burning fossil fuels for energy - is causing the Earth to warm, with potentially harmful results. In response, many developed countries agreed to the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change, committing them to limit and eventually reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The United States chose not to participate, in part because the agreement exempts such developing countries as China and India, although they have the world's fastest-growing economies and emissions.

BA #674 – The High Cost of Cash for Clunkers

The $1 billion set aside for the Car Allowance Rebate System (CARS), or "Cash for Clunkers," ran out quickly this summer. CARS aims to encourage the purchase of more fuel-efficient vehicles by offering a $3,500 to $4,500 government-funded rebate to consumers who trade-in vehicles that get less than 18 miles per gallon (mpg) for new cars that get more than 22 mpg or new trucks that get at least 18 mpg.  Congress refueled the popular stimulus program with another $2 billion - enough to buy a total of approximately 750,000 trade-ins.

BA #666 – Starting the Energy Technology Revolution through Competition

Energy use is the largest source of greenhouse gases released by human activities.  CO2 emissions from energy use - including transportation, electric power, heating and cooking - account for 82 percent of the country's total.  In order to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, Americans must change the way they use energy.

BA #665 – Getting the Lead Out Kills Small Businesses, Doesn't Save Children

Products intended for use by children may not contain lead amounts greater than 100 parts per million (ppm) starting in 2011. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has ordered manufacturers, distributors and retailers to reduce the lead content of children's products from the current standard of 600 ppm.

BA #664 – Oil from Stone: Securing America’s Energy Future

Rising prices and security concerns raise important questions about America's energy options. Currently, the United States imports 66 percent of its oil - about 4.7 billion barrels per year or 9,000 barrels every minute.  However, there are vast amounts of oil shale - a type of rock rich in kerogen, an organic sedimentary material - which can be converted into high-quality liquid fuels.

BA #659 – Removing the Political Shortage of Water

About 82 percent of Americans receive drinking water via publicly-owned water systems, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  Many of these municipal and regional systems operate at a loss, meaning users' fees don't cover the cost of treating and delivering the water.  Many water authorities are critically behind on maintenance.  They lack the capital to update their water purification and wastewater treatment plants, or to secure additional water supplies to meet expected growth in demand. 

BA #656 – Turning Coal into Liquid Fuel

First developed by Germany during World War II, the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process offers America a chance to utilize its vast domestic coal supply, increase refining capacity, and produce a cost-efficient and clean fuel.

BA #646 – Carbon Offsets: No Sure Bet to Prevent Climate Change

Congress should consider carefully the high costs of carbon offset schemes, and the problems of measuring and verifying reductions of greenhouse gas emissions under such systems, before including similar programs in domestic greenhouse-gas legislation.

BA #644 – Climate Change Policy: Should We Tax the Poor to Help the Rich?*

If the government limits carbon emissions now through taxes or direct caps, it is taxing the poor today to benefit wealthier future generations.