School Choice In The Courts

Policy Backgrounders | Education

No. 153
Monday, August 07, 2000
by Melanie L. Looney


Notes

  1. Mitchell v. Helms, 530 U.S. ____ (2000), slip opinion available at http://www.supremecourtus.gov.
  2. Everson v. Bd. of Ed. of Ewing Township, 330 U.S. 1 (1947).
  3. Nathan Lewin, "Are Vouchers Constitutional?" Policy Review, No. 93, January-February 1999, available at http://www.policyreview.com/jan99/lewin.html.
  4. Board of Education v. Allen, 392 U.S. 236 (1968).
  5. Lemon v. Kurzman, 403 U.S. 602 (1971).
  6. Board of Education v. Allen, supra, at 243.
  7. Lemon v. Kurtzman, supra, at 612-613, citing Walz v. Tax Comm'n, 397 U.S. 664,674 (1970).
  8. Lemon v. Kurtzman, supra, at 617.
  9. Committee for Public Educ. v. Nyquist, 413 U.S. 756 (1973).
  10. Mueller v. Allen, 463 U.S. 388 (1983).
  11. Lewin, "Are Vouchers Constitutional?" p.8.
  12. Witters v. Washington Dept. of Servs. for the Blind, 474 U.S. 481 (1986).
  13. Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills Sch. Dist., 509 U.S. 1 (1993).
  14. Id. at 8-14.
  15. Agostini v. Felton, 521 U.S. 203 (1997).
  16. Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402 (1985).
  17. School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball, 473 U.S. 373 (1985).
  18. Agostini, supra, at 233-234.
  19. Mitchell v. Helms, supra.
  20. Id., at p.10 of slip opinion.
  21. Id., at p.11 of slip opinion.
  22. Jackson v. Benson, 218 Wis. 2d 835, 578 N.W.2d 602 (1998).
  23. Jackson v. Benson, 119 S.Ct. 466, 142 L.Ed.2d 419 (1998), noting that Justice Breyer would have granted certiorari.
  24. Kotterman v. Killian, 193 Ariz. 273, 972 P.2d 606 (1999).
  25. Id. at 281 and 614.
  26. Kotterman v. Killian, 120 S.Ct. 283, 145 L.Ed.2d 237 (1999).
  27. NCPA Policy Digest, October 5, 1999, citing Linda Greenhouse, "Justices Again Avoid Church School Aid Issue," New York Times, October 5, 1999; and Frank J. Murray, "Supreme Court for Second Time Allows Vouchers," Washington Times, October 5, 1999.
  28. Simmons-Harris v. Goff, 1997 Ohio App. Lexis 1766 (1997).
  29. "U.S. Supreme Court Speaks on School Choice," November 5, 1999, Milton and Rose D. Friedman Foundation, www.friedmanfoundation.org/success_stories.htm.
  30. Bagley v. Raymond School Dept., 1999 Me. 60, 728 A.2d 127 (1999).
  31. Strout v. Albanese, 178 F.3d 57 (1st Cir. 1999).
  32. Bagley v. Raymond School Dept., 1999 Me. 60, 728 A.2d 127 (1999) on April 23, 1999, and Strout v. Albanese, 178 F.3d 57 (1st Cir. 1999) on May 27, 1999.
  33. Bagley v. Raymond School Dept., 120 S.Ct. 364, 145 L.Ed.2d 285 (1999), and Strout v. Albanese, 120 S.Ct. 329, 145 L.Ed.2d 256 (1999).
  34. Chittenden Town Sch. Dist. v. Department of Educ., 738 A.2d 539 (1999).
  35. Id. at 546.
  36. Id., citing Chapter I, Article 3 of the Vermont Constitution.
  37. Id. at 562-563.
  38. "Opponents Sue to Stop First Statewide School Voucher Program," Associated Press/ Palm Beach Post and News, June 22, 1999.
  39. George A. Clowes, "Judge Strikes Down Florida Vouchers," School Reform News, May 2000, http://www.heartland.org/education/may00/florida.htm.
  40. Steve Bosquet, "Vouchers Are Out - Writing Scores Credited for Grade Jump," Miami Herald, June 20, 2000, http://www.herald.com.
  41. George A. Clowes, "Vouchers Leverage Change for Remaining Students," School Reform News, May 2000, http://www.heartland.org/education/may00/leverage.htm.
  42. Ibid.
  43. Ibid
  44. Robert Holland, "Vouchers Motivate Florida Educators," School Reform News, June 2000, http://www.heartland.org/education/jun00/florida.htm.
  45. Clowes, "Judge Strikes Down Florida Vouchers."
  46. "Judge Rules Florida Vouchers Can Continue," School Reform News, June 2000, http://www.heartland.org/education/jun00/judge.htm.
  47. Kerry A. White, "NRC Report Calls For Voucher Experiment," Education Week, September 15, 1999

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